14 January
14 January – Special Day In India
Makar Sankranti
Makar Sankranti (14 January) or Uttarayan or Maghi or simply Sankranti, also known in Bangladesh as Poush Sankranti, sam Kranti then means a transfer, this day is considered as the transition day of Sun into the Capricorn.
Now the sun moves northwards in the Hindu timetable, devoted to the deity Surya ( sun), and numerous native carnivals are organized each over Bhãrat. It’s observed each time the day Sun enters the Capricorn wheel which corresponds with the month of January as per the Gregorian timetable.
It marks the first day of the sun’s conveyance into Makara Rashi
Due to the addition of one day in vault times, the date of Makar Sankranti may vary a bit. On vault times it falls on 15 January, else on 14 January. There are365.24 days at one time but we can use only 365 whole days.
Also, we add one day to the vault time. By the time of vault time, time Timetable is lagging nearly one day behind the sun, causing Makar Sankranti to fall on 15 January. When correction is made Makar Sankranti falls back on 14 January.
The fests associated with Sankranti are known by colorful names Magh Bihu in Assam, Maghi in Punjab, Maghi Saaji in Himachal Pradesh, Maghi Sangrand or Uttarain (Uttarayana) in Jammu, Sakraat in Haryana, Sukarat in central India, Pongal in Tamil Nadu, Uttarayan in Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh, Ghughuti in Uttarakhand, Makara Sankranti in Odisha, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, West Bengal ( also called Poush Sankranti), Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh or as Sankranthi in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, Maghe Sankranti (Nepal), Songkran (Thailand), Thingyan (Myanmar), Mohan Songkran (Cambodia), and Shishur Saenkraath (Kashmir).
On Makar Sankranti, the Sun god is worshipped along with Lord Vishnu and goddess Lakshmi throughout India.
Makar Sankranti is observed with social fests similar to various decorations, pastoral children going house to house, singing and asking for treats in some areas, meals, balls, flight, backfires, and feasts.
The Magha Mela, according to Indologist DianaL. Eck is mentioned in the Hindu grand Mahabharata. Numerous spectators go to sacred gutters or lakes and bathe in a form of thanks to the sun. Every twelve times, the Hindus observe Makar Sankranti with Kumbha Mela – one of the world’s largest mass passages, with an estimated 40 to 100 million people attending the event.
At this event, they say a prayer to the sun and bathe at the Prayaga convergence of the River Ganga and River Yamuna, a tradition attributed to Adi Shankaracharya.
Scientific Reasons…
Makar Sankranti is set by the solar cycle and corresponds to the exact time astronomical event of Sun Entering in Capricorn sign and is observed on a day that generally falls on 14 January of the Gregorian timetable, but on 15 January in Leap Years. Makar Sankranti’s date and time are similar to the Sidereal time of the Zodiac sign of Capricorn.
The time is365.24 days long and the time difference between the two successive cases of Makar Sankranti (Sidereal time of the Zodiac sign of Capricorn) is nearly the same as the time.
We only have 365 days at a time so in the time of 4 times, Timetable lags by 1 day so we need to acclimate it by leap day, 29 February. But Makar Sankranti falls before leap day correction is made thus on every 4th time it falls on 15 January.
Sidereal time of sign of Capricorn also shifts by a day due to vault time. Also, the time of Equinoxes also shifts by a day in each 4 times window. For illustration, Equinox of September doesn’t fall on the same date each time nor does the downtime solstice.
Any event related to one revolution of the earth around the sun will have this date shift within 4 times cycle. Analogous changes can be seen in the exact time of Solstices and equinoxes. See the table, how the time of the equinox and a Solstice increases and decreases in a cycle of 4 times.
We can see the time difference between two successive downtime Solstices is about 5 hours 49 twinkles 59 seconds, with respect to downtime Solistice time, and the time difference between two successive Mankar Sankranti is about 6 hours and 10 twinkles.
Towards the end of the 21st Century, there will be more circumstances of Makar Sankranti on 15 January in a 4- time cycle. And Makar Sankranti will be on 16 January for the first time in 2102 as 2100 won’t be a vault time.
Makar Sankranti is celebrated when the Sun’s ecliptic longitude becomes 270 ° measured from a fixed starting point which is in opposition to Spica. this is a sidereal measure. Uttarayan begins when the Sun’s ecliptic longitude becomes 270 ° measured from the Vernal equinox. this is a tropical measure.
While both concerns a measure of 270 ° their starting points are different. Hence, Makar Sankarant and Uttarayan do on different days. On the Gregorian timetable, Sankranthi occurs on 14th/ 15 Jan; Uttarayan starts on Dec 21st.
Utmost Hindu corpora ignore this difference and represent Sankranti as the launch of Uttarayan too. Due to the precession of the equinoxes the tropical wheel shifts by about 1 ° in 72 times.
As a result, the December solstice (Uttrayana) is continuously but veritably sluggishly moving down from Sankranti. Again, the December solstice (Uttrayana) and Makar Sankranti must have coincided at some time in distant history. Such a coexistence last happed 1700 times back, in 291 Announcement.

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14 Jnuary – Makar Sankranti FAQ:
हम मकर संक्रांति का त्योहार क्यों मनाते हैं?
आचार्य डा. सुशांत राज के मुताबिक मकर राशि में सूर्य के प्रवेश के दौरान सूर्यदेव की पूजा फलदायी होती है । इस दिन सूर्य मकर राशि में प्रवेश करते हैं इसलिए इसे मकर संक्रांति के नाम से जाना जाता है । यह दिन बड़ा पावन माना जाता है क्योंकि इस दिन से खरमास का अंत होता है, जिससे मांगलिक कार्यों की शुरुआत होती है ।
मकर संक्रांति कब की है? – 14 January
इस दिन से ऋतु परिवर्तन आरंभ हो जाता है । सामान्य तौर पर मकर संक्रांति का पर्व हर साल 14 जनवरी को मनाया जाता है । मगर कई बार ग्रह नक्षत्रों की स्थिति में बदलाव की वजह से मकर संक्रांति 15 जनवरी को भी पड़ जाती है । देश के अलग- अलग राज्यों में यह त्योहार अलग- अलग नाम से मनाया जाता है ।
मकर संक्रांति 14 जनवरी को ही क्यों मनाया जाता है? ( 14 January)
पौष मास में जब सूर्य मकर राशि पर आता है तभी इस पर्व को मनाया जाता है । वर्तमान शताब्दी में यह त्योहार जनवरी माह के चौदहवें या पन्द्रहवें दिन ही पड़ता है, इस दिन सूर्य धनु राशि को छोड़ मकर राशि में प्रवेश करता है ।
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